Biodiversity is that the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and therefore the ecological complexes of which they're part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems,A simple way to measure biodiversity is to count the total number of species living within a particular area. Tropical regions, areas that are year-round, have the most biodiversity. Temperate regions, which have warm summers and cold winters, have less biodiversity. Regions with cold or dry conditions, such as mountaintops and deserts, have even less temperatures. Generally, the closer a region is to the Equator, the greater the biodiversity. At least 40,000 different plant species live in the Amazon rain forest of South America, one of the most biologically diverse regions on the planet. Some places in the world have a large number of endemic which exist only in that place. The Cape Floristic Region in South Africa is home to about 6,200 plant species found nowhere else in the world. Innovations are new idea, device or process. Innovations are the application of better solutions that meet new requirements, inarticulated needs or existing market needs.