The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-regulated transcription factor that belongs to the family of nuclear receptors. ... Here we review the AR phosphorylation sites, the kinases responsible for these phosphorylations, as well as the biological context and the functional consequences of these phosphorylations. Androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and is the primary therapeutic target for PCa treatment. AR activity can be regulated via phosphorylation at multiple phosphorylation sites within the protein. Activation of signal transduction kinase cascades has been shown to alter androgen receptor (AR) activity. Although it has been suggested that The androgen receptor (AR) plays vital roles in CaP; therefore, current therapies aim to inhibit AR activation directly or indirectly by depleting